Title
Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis of MHD Upper-Convected Maxwell Fluid over a Sheet with Non-Fourier’s Heat Law
Abstract
This thesis intends to establish numerical solutions to certain boundary layer flows of upper-convected Maxwell (UCM) fluid caused by moving or stretching surfaces under the influence of a magnetic eld. To investigate heat transfer characteristics, a recently modi ed heat conduction model known as Cattaneo-Christov heat ux model (CCHFM) is implemented instead of the convectional heat ux model (Fourier’s law). The influence of heat transfer in many industrial and engineering processes is signi cant since the process involves the rate of heat transfer. An extensive work on the boundary layer flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluids has been considered over linear/non-linear stretching surfaces. We have analyzed the various flow-con gurations including the flow of UCM fluid over a constantly moving surface with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects. Intensive and extensive scrutiny has also been conducted regarding the MHD mixed convective UCM fluid ow over a non-linear stretching surface near a stagnation point. We, then, also broadened our research to explore the effects of variable thermal conductivity in a thermally strati ed medium due to non-linear stretching surface. In addition, the impact of thermal radiation with heat generation/absorption in a porous medium was included in the research. Finally the non-linear velocity-slip effects over an inclined stretching surface in a porous medium was thoroughly observed and researched upon. The application of a new model has brought to light some amazingly new results regarding the flow behavior of UCM fluid under diffarent physical effects. The signi cant effect of relaxation characteristics of UCM fluid on thermal transmission is observed. The mathematical formulation of these problems leads to partial di erential equations (PDEs) which are rst converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via suitable similarity transformations and then solved numerically through two different techniques known as the shooting with Runge-Kutta scheme of order four and the MATLAB built-in solver bvp4c. The solutions under the impacts of different physical governing parameters are illustrated by means of graphs and tables. The culmination of the research was the comparison between this work with the Newtonian fluids as special cases.