COURSE OBJECTIVES

This course is designed to focus on gross morphology, structure of cell, and tissues of muscular, cardiovascular, alimentary, urinary, respiratory, reproductive, endocrine system and nervous system with relationship to their physiological and pathological changes.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO)


CLO: 1. Describe the anatomical terminologies required for orientation of human body structures and their relationship with other structures.
CLO: 2. Explain human anatomy at macro and microscopic levels
CLO: 3. Apply anatomical features of human body with their physiological and pathological aspects.

COURSE CONTENTS

  1. INTRODUCTION:
    • Anatomical terminology: Definition. Cell, tissue, organ system.
  2. STRUCTURE OF CELL:
    • Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Organelles, Nucleus, Cell cycle.
  3. TISSUES OF BODY: Types of tissues with examples,
    • Epithelial Tissue: General characters, classification.
    • Connective Tissue: Structure & types; (Connective tissue, Cartilage).
    • Bones: Structure and types of bones and joints.
    • Muscle: Structure of skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle.
  4. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM:
    • _Structure (Epidermis, dermis)_
    • Glands of Skin: (Sweat, Sebaceous).
    • _Structure, function_
    • _Structure, function
  5. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:
    • _Structure of Heart, Location of Heart, Blood Supply to Heart_
    • Blood Vessels: Main blood vessels arising & entering the heart. Types of blood vessels with examples.
  6. ALIMENTARY SYSTEM:
    • Name and structure of different parts of alimentary System andtheir inter-relationship.
  7. URINARY SYSTEM:
    • Name and structure of organs of urinary system and their inter-relationship.
  8. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:
    • Male and Female reproductive systems. Name, Structure and association of the organs.
  9. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
    • Pituitary gland: Structure and relation to hypothalamus.
    • Thyroid gland: Structure.
    • Adrenal gland: Structure.
  10. NERVOUS SYSTEM:
    • _Cells of Nervous System (Neuron), Accessory cells of N.S. and Organization of N.S_
    • _Meninges (Cerebrum_ cerebral Lobes. Ventricals, Cerebellum—Anatomy of Cerebellum, Brain Stem_ MidBrain. Pons. MEdulla Oblongata, Diencephalon. Thalamus Hypothalamus and Cranial Nerves)_
    • Spinal Cord: Meninges (C.S.F. Internal Structure, Sensory and Motor Pathway, Spinal Reflexes, Peripheral spinal Nerves, Autonomic Nervous System includes Sympathetic N.S. and Parasympathetic Nervous System).
  11. HISTOLOGY:
    • Underlying principles of histological techniques and staining specific tissues should be explained.
    • Staining of paraffin and frozen sections will be given to the students.
    • Most of the teaching should be done on stained and mounted sections and every type of normal tissue will be covered.