COURSE OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this lab is to teaches the physicochemical aspects which are important in the development of different dosage forms. This course will enable students to learn various preformulation factors like rheology, viscosity and isotonicity with emphasis on learning proper equipment handling.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO)

CLO: 1. To explain principles, theory and experiments used in physical pharmacy with special focus on physicochemical properties.
CLO: 2. To perform skillfully laboratory experiments related to physical pharmacy by operating different laboratory equipment and execute relevant calculations, graphical presentations and results.
CLO: 3. To analyze given data, graphs and calculations using basic principles of physical pharmacy.

COURSE CONTENTS


1. Determination of viscosity of given liquids at room temperature by using Ostwald viscometer.
2. Determination of effect of temperature on viscosity by using Ostwald viscometer.
3. Determination of viscosity of given liquid by using Brookfield viscometer and measurements of sedimentation rate of glass beads.
4. Extraction of caffeine from tea.
5. Study of adsorption of acetic acid on activated charcoal.
6. Study of adsorption of oxalic acid on activated charcoal.
7. Determination of partition coefficient of iodine between carbon tetrachloride and water.
8. Determination of partition coefficient of benzoic acid between benzene and water.
9. Purification of water by distillation and membrane filtration.
10. Introduction to sublimation, purification of different compounds by sublimation and their identification through melting point.
11. Introduction to physicochemical processes i.e. freeze drying, hot air drying and desiccation, their relevant techniques and equipment.
12. Preparation of isotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic solutions of Sodium chloride.
13. Demonstration of effect of changes in tonicity on erythrocytes under microscope.
14. Preparation of an isotonic solution of atropine sulfate and determination of its tonicity.
15. Determination of osmolality of serum using osmometer and understanding the clinical significance of measuring these values using osmometer. Introduction to emulsions, determination of different types and emulsion instabilities.