COURSE OBJECTIVES

This course teaches the scientific background and technical aspects which are important in the development of basic dosage forms. This course will focus on physicochemical foundation of various dosage forms and drug delivery system. Discussion will include various preformulation factors like rheology, viscosity and elasticity. Some basic physicochemical processes which have extensive application in the development of basic dosage forms will also be discussed. All these preformulation aspects helps pharmacist to make rational decisions on scientific basis concerning the art and technology of pharmaceutical products.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO)

CLO: 1. To explain different physicochemical processes, their purpose, method, techniques, importance and application in physical pharmacy.
CLO: 2. To illustrate basic principles of chemical kinetics (rate and order of reaction), various factors affecting kinetics and how they can be controlled to prevent degradation of drugs
CLO: 3. To integrate basic knowledge of physicochemical processes and chemical kinetics with specified dosage form and predict their properties, characteristics and stability

COURSE CONTENTS

  1. RHEOLOGY
    • Definition and Fundamental concept; Properties contributing to Rheological behavior; Graphic presentation of Rheological data.
  2. PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROCESSES:
    • Process of precipitation and its applications in Pharmacy_
    • Types of crystals, Mechanism and methods of crystallization and its applications in Pharmacy_
    • Simple distillation, fractional distillation, steam distillation, vacuum distillation, destructive distillation and their applications in Pharmacy_
    • Miscellaneous Processes: Efflorescence, deliquescence, lyophilization, elutrition, exiccation, ignition, sublimation, fusion, calcination, adsorption, decantation, evaporation, vaporization, centrifugation, dessication, levigation and trituration.
  3. EXTRACTION PROCESSES:
    • Purpose & process_
    • Purpose and Process_
    • Liquid-Liquid extraction: Purpose and Process
    • Large scale extraction: Purpose and Process
  4. RATE AND ORDER OF REACTIONS.
  5. KINETIC PRINCIPLES AND STABILITY TESTING: Degradation:
    • Physical Factors: Influence of pH, temperature, ionic strength, acid-base catalysis, U.V. light.
    • Chemical Factors: Complex chemical reactions, Oxidation-reduction reactions, Hydrolysis.